Successive shortest paths with reduced costs

Abstract view

Invariant:

1. All points of the invariant of the successive shortest paths algorithm.
2. For each node [math]\displaystyle{ v\in V }[/math], there is a real number [math]\displaystyle{ \pi(v) }[/math] such that, for each arc [math]\displaystyle{ a=(v,w)\in A_f }[/math], the reduced cost [math]\displaystyle{ c^\pi(a):=c(a)-\pi(v)+\pi(w) }[/math] is nonnegative.

Definition: Such a node labeling [math]\displaystyle{ \pi }[/math] is called consistent with [math]\displaystyle{ f }[/math] in the following.

Induction basis

Abstract view: Start with the zero flow [math]\displaystyle{ f }[/math] and with the zero node labeling [math]\displaystyle{ \pi }[/math].

Proof: Obviously, [math]\displaystyle{ \pi\equiv 0 }[/math] is consistent with [math]\displaystyle{ f\equiv 0 }[/math].

Induction step

Abstract view:

1. Determine a shortest path with respect to the reduced costs.

Complexity

Statement: The asymptotic complexity is in [math]\displaystyle{ \mathcal{O}(C\cdot n\cdot T(n)) }[/math], where